• The Ancient Celts

  Filed under Celtic culture
  Nov 20

  

  Review

  Each generation, the British scholar Jacquetta Hawkes has observed, chooses the archaeology that best suits its current ideology. For a century beginning in the late 1800s, archaeologists depicted the Celts as an inordinately brave and poetic tribal people who battled their way across the Eurasian world without being unduly aggressive–in the manner, that is, of good colonialists. Today some archaeologists are more inclined to consider the Celts as a people who kep…
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  2 Comments

2 Responses to “The Ancient Celts”

1. 

   Ulla said on November 20th, 2009 at 7:31 am

   An informative and comprehensive overview of the history of Celtic Eurasia. Cunliffe’s status as a leading scholar in this field is well deserved. This volume exhibits the result of many years of work. The wealth and breadth, in both time and space, of the material preclude Cunliffe engaging in flowery rhetoric or idle speculations. Using archaeology as the basis for his presentation, he provides both textual and graphic information. The result is a thorough examination of the development and movements of the Celtic peoples. Their impact on the geopolitics of Europe is great, he reminds us. Place names, artistic styles, and numerous practical elements, many of which have been downplayed or ignored during the Christian centuries, remain as a legacy of their presence and influence.

   Given the paucity of Celtic written records, Cunliffe begins with a early archaeological efforts and snippets of Greco-Roman observations. What the Celts thought of themselves must remain a mystery. Those observing them found a warrior society, highly sophisticated in that realm from both aggressive and defensive standpoints. Highly mobile, the Celts established societies from Western Asia to the British Isles. In their settlements, which became increasingly organized and administered over the centuries, they laid the foundations of many modern communities. Cunliffe’s accounts of these settlements, particularly those in the Iberian peninsula is likely to offer fresh information for many students.

   Cunliffe gives us overviews of the “barbarian” migrations and their impact on European society. The most important result of Celtic movements, of course, was the counter expansion of Rome. Celtic domination of the trans-Alpine region drew Rome into Europe proper. Rome’s choice of land routes for armies instead of sea routes for trade meant occupation or dominance of Celtic holdings. These counterforces had far-reaching results in all areas of European life. Even religion, which was normally viewed tolerantly by Rome, came under assault when the Celtic Druids became the force organizing resistance to Roman rule. Cunliffe traces these interactions with a scholar’s precision, relating it all in a crisp narration.

   The author’s long career in this field has provided him with a storehouse of resources. Aside from the fine bibliographic essay, he enhances the main text with excellent maps, illustrations and photographs, many in colour. These cultural images impart a graphic sense of how misleading the term “barbarian” is applied to these people. Their rich heritage, eroded by Rome and virtually eliminated by Christianity is revived by Cunliffe’s superb recounting of their world. This book is valuable at many levels and well worth the investment. [stephen a. haines - Ottawa, Canada]

2. 

   Luvenia said on November 20th, 2009 at 7:44 am

   I have grown to appreciate this book over the past five years. Although I do not use it myself much anymore, I do assign it to my Archaeology 1 tutorial students. It’s an easier read than ‘The European Iron Age’ (John Collis), and I prefer the layout and illlustrations of ‘The Ancient Celts’ to ‘Exploring the World of the Celts’ (Simon James).

   I would very much recommend this as a first text for those who are interested in the archaeology of the Celts. It’s very well-written, and the illustrations are highly evocative.

   However, as with any single-author account covering such a wide geographic area over such a span of time, there are disagreements over some aspects of Cunliffe’s interpretations. Because of this, I would suggest that ‘The Ancient Celts’ is probably best read in conjuntion with either of the two books mentioned above.

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